Global Temperature Responses to Large Tropical Volcanic Eruptions in Paleo Data Assimilation Products and Climate Model Simulations Over the Last Millennium

Large volcanic eruptions are one of the dominant perturbations to global and regional atmospheric temperatures on timescales years decades. Discrepancies remain, however, in estimated magnitude persistence surface temperature cooling caused by eruptions, as characterized paleoclimatic proxies climate models. We investigate these discrepancies context large tropical over Last Millennium using two state-of-the-art data assimilation products, Paleo Hydrodynamics Data Assimilation product (PHYDA) Reanalysis (LMR), simulations from National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Earth System Model-Last Ensemble (NCAR CESM-LME). find that PHYDA LMR estimate mean hemispheric is similar once effects occurring short succession removed. The estimates also compare well Northern-Hemisphere reconstructions based solely or partially tree-ring density, which have been proposed most accurate proxy due volcanism. All proxy-based agree with simulated CESM-LME. Differences spatial patterns responses PHYDA, LMR, duration anomalies persists several longer relative Our results demonstrate progress resolving between proxy- model-based volcanism, but indicate must be further reconciled better characterize risks future eruptions.